IMPERSONAL
'it'
Impersonal ‘it’ adalah kata ganti ‘it’.
‘it biasanya digunakan untuk menggantikan kata benda, hewan atau orang yang
tidak diketahui dengan jelas atau tidak dapat diidentifikasi.
cth
: it is so hot here.
fungsi ‘it’ adalah untuk
menekankan tentang sebuah kata benda atau sifat sehingga ditempatkan di depan.
·
Fungsi Impesonal 'it' :
1.
Subjek kalimat (preparatory )
bila digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang
berhubungan dengan: waktu, hari, tanggal, situasi, keadaan dan jarak.
contoh:
·
It is snowing on the
mountains.
·
It is Wednesday today.
·
‘what is the time now?’ it is 11
o’clock.
·
It is always cloudy on
the hills.
2. Emphasis
(penegasan)
Untuk memberi penegasan pada
subjek atau objek.
(it
+ to be+ subject + who + V + O + adv)
(
it + to be + Object + that + S + V + Obj + adv)
Contoh:
·
John Bought a book yesterday.
·
It was John who bought a book
yesterday.
·
It was a book that John bought
yesterday.
·
It was yesterday that John bought a
book.
3. Sebagai pengganti to +infinitive.
Contoh:
·
To remember all of my classmates is difficult à It is difficult to remember all of myclassmates.
·
To be with you is nice à It is nice to be with youTo meet you again is so glad à It is so glad to meet you again.
Berapa adjective yang sering digunakan dalam
bentuk seperti diatas adalah: difficult, impossible, good, glad, delighted,
important, wise, wrong, necessary, clever, kind, naught, rude, silly, cruel,
easy, dll.
4. Sebagai preparatory jika subjek nya
Noun Clause yaitu yang dimulai dengan kata sambung : that, whether, dan seluruh
kata tanya : what, where, when, dsb.
contoh:
·
That he could not pass the test is strange. à It is strange that he could not pass
the test.
·
Whether he will come here or not is doubtful. à It is doubtful whether he will come
here or not.
·
Where he will go is not my business. à It is not my business where he will
go.
5. Subjek pengganti yang subjek pada induk
kalimatnya dimulai dengan : People atau They. Biasanya induk kalimat diubah
terlebih dahulu kedalam bentuk pasif (to be + V3).
Contoh:
·
They hope that the president will arrive tomorrow.à It is hoped that the president will
arrive tomorrow.
·
People said that he had escaped through the back door. à It was said that he had escaped
through the back door.
Kalimat yang menggunakan kata-kata kerja seperti : seem,
look, appear, happen + to infinitive :
Pola kalimatnya berubah menjadi :
It + Seem/ look/appear/ happen + that+
S +V + O + adv
Contoh:
·
The students seem to understand this lesson à it seems that the students understand
this lesson.
·
Tanti happens to be busy today à It happens that Tanti is busy today.
