Impersonal "it"

IMPERSONAL 'it'

Impersonal ‘it’ adalah kata ganti ‘it’. ‘it biasanya digunakan untuk menggantikan kata benda, hewan atau orang yang tidak diketahui dengan jelas atau tidak dapat diidentifikasi.

cth : it is so hot here.

                fungsi ‘it’ adalah untuk menekankan tentang sebuah kata benda atau sifat sehingga ditempatkan di depan.

·         Fungsi Impesonal 'it' :

1.       Subjek kalimat (preparatory ) bila digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan: waktu, hari, tanggal, situasi, keadaan dan jarak.

contoh:

·         It is snowing on the mountains.

·         It is Wednesday today.

·         ‘what is the time now?’ it is 11 o’clock.

·         It is always cloudy on the hills.

2.       Emphasis (penegasan)

                Untuk memberi penegasan pada subjek atau objek.

(it + to be+ subject + who + V + O + adv)

 ( it + to be + Object + that + S + V + Obj + adv)

Contoh: 

·         John Bought a book yesterday.

·         It was John who bought a book yesterday.

·         It was a book that John bought yesterday.

·         It was yesterday that John bought a book.

3.       Sebagai pengganti to +infinitive.

               Contoh:

·         To remember all of my classmates is difficult à It is difficult to remember all of myclassmates.

·         To be with you is nice à It is nice to be with youTo meet you again is so glad à It is so glad to meet you again.

Berapa adjective yang sering digunakan dalam bentuk seperti diatas adalah: difficult, impossible, good, glad, delighted, important, wise, wrong, necessary, clever, kind, naught, rude, silly, cruel, easy, dll.

4.       Sebagai preparatory jika subjek nya Noun Clause yaitu yang dimulai dengan kata sambung : that, whether, dan seluruh kata tanya : what, where, when, dsb.

  contoh:

·         That he could not pass the test is strange. à It is strange that he could not pass the test.

·         Whether he will come here or not is doubtful. à It is doubtful whether he will come here or not.

·         Where he will go is not my business. à It is not my business where he will go.

5.        Subjek pengganti yang subjek pada induk kalimatnya dimulai dengan : People atau They. Biasanya induk kalimat diubah terlebih dahulu kedalam bentuk pasif (to be + V3).

Contoh:

·         They hope that the president will arrive tomorrow.à It is hoped that the president will arrive tomorrow.

·         People said that he had escaped through the back door. à It was said that he had escaped through the back door. 

Kalimat yang menggunakan kata-kata kerja seperti : seem, look, appear, happen + to infinitive :

Pola kalimatnya berubah menjadi :

It + Seem/ look/appear/ happen + that+ S +V + O + adv

Contoh:

·         The students seem to understand this lesson à it seems that the students understand this lesson.

·         Tanti happens to be busy today à It happens that Tanti is busy today.

 

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